Baghdad

GPS spoofing is feeding pilots fake positions — and the panel stays green. How crews detect it, and why the airport stand sign can't save you.

A field guide to 50 Routemasters and their strange afterlives — tea rooms, circuses, a bus called The Potato Story.

How did enslaved soldiers become the rulers of Egypt and the Levant for 267 years? The Mamluk system explained.

What pan-Arabism actually claims, why it isn't the umma, and why 22 members can't stop sanctioning each other.

The stone ring around Jerusalem's Old City is younger than you think — and the legend about its architects is wrong.

The word "superpower" was invented in 1944. So how do you build a list of them stretching back to Akkad?

From the 1242 Paris burning to Sefaria's AI agents, the chain of transmission was never in the books — it was in the network.

Rubrics rate machine translation above human work — until readers pick side-by-side. What translators know that metrics can't see.